In the context of children's literature, the audience refers to the particular demographic that a book is aimed at, including their age range, interests, and reading abilities. Understanding the audience is crucial for writers and illustrators as it influences the themes, language, and illustrations used in the book. Books for younger children typically feature simple narratives and engaging visuals, while those for older children may tackle more complex issues and include richer language. Identifying the correct audience helps ensure that the book resonates with its readers and fulfills its educational or entertainment purpose.