Vector graphics refer to images created through paths defined by mathematical expressions, allowing them to be infinitely scaled without losing quality. Unlike raster images, which are made up of pixels and can become pixelated when enlarged, vector graphics maintain their crispness and clarity at any size. This makes them ideal for illustrations in children's books, where vibrant and detailed artwork can capture the imagination of young readers. Common file formats for vector graphics include SVG, AI, and EPS, and they are often used for creating illustrations, logos, and other graphics that require flexibility in size.